5. Population Demographics
Table 5‑1: Population Demographics Summary Table
|
Measure |
County Data |
Recent Change |
U.S. Comparison |
IN Comparison |
HP 2010 |
||||
|
Yrs |
% Change |
DC |
U.S. Data |
DC |
IN Data |
DC |
|||
|
Positive Indicators for Marion County |
|||||||||
|
% Reporting Excellent or Very Good Health 5 |
51.3% (2005) |
5 |
+4.9% (2000-2005) |
DC |
54.3% (2005) |
DC |
50.5% (2005) |
DC |
NA |
|
Neutral Indicators for Marion County |
|||||||||
|
Hispanic Population 6 |
5.9% (2005) |
5 |
+51.3% (2000-2005) |
↑ |
14.4% (2005) |
↓ |
4.5% (2005) |
↔ |
NA |
|
% > age 5 who do not speak English at home1. |
9.6% (2005) |
5 |
+33.3% (2000-2005) |
↑ |
|
|
8.9% (2005) |
↔ |
N/A |
|
Population Growth |
863,133 (2005) |
5 |
+0.3% (2000-2005) |
↔ |
+5.3% (2000-2005) |
↓ |
+3.1% (2000-2005) |
↓ |
NA |
|
Graduation Rate (9th-graders in 4 years) 2 |
53% (2005) |
5 |
+ <1% (2000-2005) |
DC |
|
|
|
|
NA |
|
Negative Indicators for Marion County |
|||||||||
|
Families 100% FPG1
|
11.5% (2005) |
5 |
+59.7% (2000-2005) |
D |
8.7% (2005) |
D |
10.0% (2005) |
DC |
NA |
|
Homeless 6 |
2,080 (2005) |
2 |
-6.7% (2003-2005) |
C |
|
|
|
|
NA |
|
% Children 0-18 in poverty 3 |
21.1% (2004) |
4 |
+6.0% (2000-2004) |
D |
17.6% (2004) |
D |
15.7% (2004) |
D |
NA |
|
% Population in Poverty 4 |
15.2% (2005) |
5 |
+47.6% (2000-2005) |
DC |
13.3% (2005) |
D |
12.2% (2005) |
D |
NA |
|
% Unemployed5 |
5.6% (2005) |
5 |
+51.4% (2000-2005) |
D |
5.1% (2005) |
DC |
5.4% (2005) |
DC |
NA |
|
Average Families/Month on TANF2 |
12,200 (2005) |
5 |
+75.5% (2000-2005) |
D |
|
|
|
|
NA |
1 U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2005 for all geographies; 2000 ACS for 5 year change, Marion County
2 IYI Marion County Kids Count In Indiana, 2006.
3 US Census Bureau, Data Integration Division, Small Area Estimates Branch. Estimates for Indiana and Counties.
5 4 U.S. Bureau of the Census, Marion County in Depth Profile, Indiana and US, Stats Indiana http://www.stats.indiana.edu/profiles/pr18097.html
5 CDCP BRFSS data for Indiana and U.S.; BRFSS_SMART data for Marion County 2005
6.U.S. Census Bureau Intercensal Estimates (Marion County Health Department DR0623).
"The Struggle to Stay Housed," 2005 single night street and shelter count http://www.chipindy.org/pdf/ReaderFormatAll.pdf
Table notes: County data: Is for most recent year available. Recent Change: Percent change of most recent measurement from a measurement the noted number of years prior. Changes of more than 5 percent in either direction are denoted by thumbs up or thumbs down symbolsthumbs up or thumbs down. Neutral thumbs indicate no change, even though no change may be a negative outcome; U.S. or IN population data: Is for most recent year available; U.S. (or IN) Comparison: Comparison of most recent data using thumbs up or thumbs down symbols to denote differences that are statistically significant or deemed to be noteworthy from the analysts’ professional perspective. Note: When there is no public health implication associated with a measure, directional arrows replace thumb icons to indicate the direction of change or the relationship of the Marion County measure (higher/lower/not different) to the U.S./IN measure.
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and Marion County
The Indianapolis metropolitan statistical area’s (MSA) 2005 population was estimated to be 1.64 million residents[69] in Marion and nine nearby counties.[70] Marion County’s 863,133 estimated 2005 residents[71] made up over half (52.6%) of the MSA population. The MSA population grew by 7.6 percent from 2000 to 2005,[72] and is expected to grow another 16 percent in the next fifteen years, reaching over 1.9 million by 2020.[73]
Marion County Population Growth
Between 2000 and 2005, the estimated population of Marion County increased by only 0.3 percent.[74] By 2010, the Marion County population will increase slowly by a total of 2.6 percent for the period, compared to an estimated average of 5.5 percent for the country.[75] In 2005 Marion County had a population density of 2,184.5[76] persons per square mile, the highest population/mile density of all 92 Indiana counties. Marion County however had a stagnant growth rate of approximately 2,700 additional persons from 2000 through 2005, while Hamilton and Hendricks counties grew by 31.7 percent and 22.5 percent respectively during the same period.[77]
Natural Increase
Total births to Marion County resident mothers increased during 2001 and 2004, then decreased between 2004 and 2005 (14,245 to 13,809 or -3.1 percent), for an overall decline in total births of -0.8 percent since 2001. Total births among White mothers decreased from over 8000 in 2001 to 7278 (-9.0 percent change) in 2005. Total births to Black mothers remained steady at 3800 per year. Total births to Hispanic mothers not only increased in absolute numbers, but also in their relative proportion of Marion County births (from 9.9 percent of all births (2001) to 16 percent (2005) or a 62 percent relative increase). In 2006, babies born in Marion County made up one quarter (23.3%) of all births in Indiana.[78]
Other components of growth also changed in the first years of the new century. Net international migration decreased between 2001 and 2004, following the events of 9/11/2001 and tightening of visa requirements, with the greatest decrease occurring between 2002 and 2003 (-13.4%). Net internal (from within the U.S.) in-migration to Marion County also declined between 2000 and 2005.[79]
Age Distribution
One quarter (23%) of Marion County’s 2005 population was under 15 years of age, and 11 percent were 65 or older. Marion County’s proportion of youth and elderly is similar to the general Indiana population. The median age in Marion County has increased from 33.6 years in 2000 to 34.7 years[80] in 2005, reflecting the same general aging pattern as the nation.[81] However the 2005 median age in Marion County was slightly younger than that of the overall U.S. population (36.2 years).[82]
Table 5‑2: Age Distribution of Marion County Residents, 2000 and 2005
|
Age Group |
2000 |
2005 |
Change |
|
Under 5 |
7% |
8% |
1.0% |
|
5-14 |
14% |
15% |
0.2% |
|
15-24 |
14% |
13% |
-1.4% |
|
25-34 |
16% |
15% |
-1.5% |
|
35-44 |
16% |
15% |
-0.9% |
|
45-54 |
13% |
14% |
1.4% |
|
55-64 |
8% |
9% |
1.4% |
|
65-74 |
6% |
5% |
-0.4% |
|
75-84 |
4% |
4% |
0.0% |
|
85+ |
1% |
2% |
0.2% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Intercensal Population Estimates (Marion County Health Department DR0614)
Between 2000 and 2005, the overall age distribution in Marion County shifted slightly toward older age groups (Table 5‑2). There was a four percentile decrease in the portion of the population ages 15 to 44 years, and a three percentile increase in the proportion in the 45 to 64 year old age range (“Baby Boomers”). The portion of the population under five years of age increased by one percentile. The shift toward the older age groups was driven by the White population. The age distribution of the Black population changed little is that period. The Hispanic population had a five percentile increase in the portion of persons less than fifteen years old. In 2005 among all residents:
· One in four residents was under 15 years old (23.0%)
· One in eight residents was 15 to 24 years old (12.6%)
· Three in ten residents was 25 to 44 years old (30.4%)
· One in four residents was 45 to 64 years old (23.1%)
· One in ten residents was 65 years old or older (10.9%)[83]
Figure 5‑1: 2005 Marion County Residents’ Age Distribution by Gender and Race or Ethnicity
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Intercensal Population Estimates (Marion County Health Department DR0614)
Figure 5‑1 shows the 2005 age and gender structure of the whole Marion County population, as well as among Marion County residents who identified themselves as White, Black, and Hispanic or Latino. A greater proportion of Whites were older than non-Whites. Ratios of females to males varied by race. Whites had a fairly equal balance with 21 females for every 20 males. A greater proportion of Blacks were female, with seven females per six males. Blacks had an especially high female-to-male ratio among the elderly. In contrast, the greatest proportion of Hispanics was male, with three females per four males. Whites had a substantially greater portion of persons older than 44 years than did Blacks (38% versus 28%), whereas Blacks had a substantially greater proportion under age 25 years (32% versus 43%). Hispanics had a very distinct age distribution, having very few elderly persons and many youth. Only 12 percent of Hispanics in Marion County were older than 44 years, compared to 34 percent of the general Marion County population, but 16 percent of Marion County Hispanics were less than five years old, compared to only 8 percent of the general population. Most notably, 17 percent of Hispanics were 25 to 34 year old males, compared to only 7 percent of the general population.[84]
Table 5‑3 and Table 5‑4 show the distribution of the population by age, race, and sex. A more detailed description of the age, race, and sex distribution of the population of Marion County and the remaining counties in Indiana can be found on the U.S. Census Bureau’s website.[85]
Table 5‑3: Population Totals for Marion County by Age, Race, and Sex, 2005
|
Age |
||||||
|
<15 |
15-24 |
25-44 |
45-64 |
65+ |
Total |
|
|
White Total |
117,758 |
64,648 |
169,786 |
146,448 |
73,933 |
572,573 |
|
White Male |
60,248 |
32,270 |
84,882 |
71,190 |
28,923 |
277,513 |
|
White Female |
57,510 |
32,378 |
84,904 |
75,258 |
45,010 |
295,060 |
|
Black Total |
60,646 |
35,109 |
65,367 |
44,945 |
18,293 |
224,360 |
|
Black Male |
30,809 |
17,237 |
29,735 |
20,065 |
6,971 |
104,817 |
|
Black Female |
29,837 |
17,872 |
35,632 |
24,881 |
11,322 |
119,544 |
|
Hispanic Total |
16,597 |
7,581 |
21,016 |
4,926 |
1,009 |
51,129 |
|
Hispanic Male |
8,576 |
4,378 |
13,180 |
2,815 |
472 |
29,421 |
|
Hispanic Female |
8,021 |
3,203 |
7,836 |
2,111 |
537 |
21,708 |
|
Other Total |
3,209 |
1,512 |
5,904 |
3,441 |
1,005 |
15,071 |
|
Other Male |
1,590 |
700 |
3,044 |
1,548 |
427 |
7,309 |
|
Other Female |
1,619 |
811 |
2,860 |
1,893 |
577 |
7,760 |
|
All Males |
101,224 |
54,586 |
130,841 |
95,617 |
36,793 |
419,061 |
|
All Females |
96,986 |
54,264 |
131,232 |
104,143 |
57,447 |
444,072 |
|
Marion County Total |
198,210 |
108,850 |
262,073 |
199,760 |
94,240 |
863,133 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Intercensal Estimates (Marion County Health Department DR0623). Totals may not equal the sum of categories due to rounding.
Table 5‑4: Percent of the Total Population in Marion County by Age, Race, and Sex, 2005
|
Race/Sex |
Age |
|||||
|
<15 |
15-24 |
25-44 |
45-64 |
65+ |
Total |
|
|
White Total |
13.6% |
7.5% |
19.7% |
17.0% |
8.6% |
66.3% |
|
White Male |
7.0% |
3.7% |
9.8% |
8.2% |
3.4% |
32.2% |
|
White Female |
6.7% |
3.8% |
9.8% |
8.7% |
5.2% |
34.2% |
|
Black Total |
7.0% |
4.1% |
7.6% |
5.2% |
2.1% |
26.0% |
|
Black Male |
3.6% |
2.0% |
3.4% |
2.3% |
0.8% |
12.1% |
|
Black Female |
3.5% |
2.1% |
4.1% |
2.9% |
1.3% |
13.9% |
|
Hispanic Total |
1.9% |
0.9% |
2.4% |
0.6% |
0.1% |
5.9% |
|
Hispanic Male |
1.0% |
0.5% |
1.5% |
0.3% |
0.1% |
3.4% |
|
Hispanic Female |
0.9% |
0.4% |
0.9% |
0.2% |
0.1% |
2.5% |
|
Other Total |
0.4% |
0.2% |
0.7% |
0.4% |
0.1% |
1.7% |
|
Other Male |
0.2% |
0.1% |
0.4% |
0.2% |
0.0% |
0.8% |
|
Other Female |
0.2% |
0.1% |
0.3% |
0.2% |
0.1% |
0.9% |
|
All Males |
11.7% |
6.3% |
15.2% |
11.1% |
4.3% |
48.6% |
|
All Females |
11.2% |
6.3% |
15.2% |
12.1% |
6.7% |
51.4% |
|
Marion County Total |
23.0% |
12.6% |
30.4% |
23.1% |
10.9% |
100.0% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Intercensal Estimates (Marion County Health Department DR0623). Totals may not equal the sum of categories due to rounding.
Race and Ethnicity
According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2005 population estimates, among persons in Marion County reporting only one race, 66 percent were White, 26 percent were Black, 6 percent were Hispanic or Latino, and 2 percent belonged to some other race (Figure 5‑2).
Figure 5‑2: 2005 Marion County Residents by Race/Ethnicity
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Intercensal Estimates for Marion County (Marion County Health Department DR0623).
Marion County population underwent changes in its racial and ethnic mix during the 2000 to 2005 period. The Hispanic population grew from 3.9 percent of the total population in 2000[86] to 5.9 percent in 2005. Despite this increase, the prevalence of the Hispanic population in Marion County was less than half of the prevalence of Hispanics in the U.S. overall (14.4%) (Table 5‑5). The proportion of the non-Hispanic African American population in 2005 (26%) was relatively unchanged since 2000 (25%),[87] and was over twice the 2005 national proportion (12.3%) and three times the proportion of African Americans in the state’s 2005 population (8.7%). Marion County’s proportion of non-Hispanic Whites in 2005 was similar to that of the U.S. (66.3% and 66.9% respectively) but much lower than that of Indiana (84.3%).[88]
Table 5‑5: Marion County, Indiana, and U.S. Population Distribution by Race\Ethnicity, 2005
|
|
Marion County |
Indiana |
U.S. |
|
|
|
Total |
Percent |
Percent |
Percent |
|
White |
572,573 |
66.3 |
84.3 |
66.9 |
|
Black |
224,360 |
26.0 |
8.7 |
12.3 |
|
Hispanic |
51,129 |
5.9 |
4.5 |
14.4 |
|
Other |
15,071 |
1.7 |
2.5 |
6.4 |
|
Total: |
863,133 |
99.9 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Intercensal Estimates for Marion County (Marion County Health Department DR0623), and forthe United States and States.[89] Totals may not equal the sum of categories due to rounding.
Household Composition
Six out of ten (59%) Marion County households in 2005 were comprised of related persons (family households), 34 percent were one person households, and the remainder were comprised of more than one unrelated persons. Among the family households, two-thirds (67%) were married couple families, 26 percent had a single female head of household, and 7 percent had a single male head of household. One out of every five households (20%) contained at least one person over 65 years old, and one out of three (33%) included at least one child younger than 18 years. The average household size was 2.34 persons. Half (52%) of the households with children were married couple households.[90]
Ethnicity, Nativity, and Language
The Hispanic population is rapidly increasing in Marion County. While the 2000 Census identified 3.9 percent of Marion County’s population as Hispanic[91], between 5 and 6 percent of adults over 18 years self-reported Hispanic ethnicity in 2005 in locally[92] and nationally-run surveys.[93] Any estimate is most likely an under-estimation of the actual number of Hispanics in many communities, due to an unknown number of undocumented persons. The federal government estimated that about 45,000 illegal immigrants resided in Indiana in 2000 (or about 0.7% of the 2000 population), lower than the national rate of 2.5 percent. Just over half of the Hispanics in Indiana’s 2000 census were born in the state. Hispanic births, as a percent of births of all Marion County residents, increased from 8 percent in 2000 to 16 percent in 2005.[94]
In 2000, areas of high concentration of Hispanic residents (between 28% and 52%) included the areas surrounding the junction of West 38th Street and Interstate 465 West; an area south of West Washington Street, and an area between West Washington and West 10th Streets (Figure 5‑3). Seven percent of the people living in Marion County in 2005 were foreign born, while two-thirds (67%) of Marion County residents were born in Indiana. Of the foreign-born Marion County residents, 53 percent were Spanish speakers, and 45 percent had some other non-English primary language.
In 2005, nearly one in ten (9.6%) Marion County residents over the age of 5 years spoke a language other than English at home, up from 7.2 percent in 2000 (and compared to 8.9 percent of households in the state). Of these, 65 percent spoke Spanish, another 35 percent spoke some other language. Over half (52%) of the foreign language speakers reported that they did not speak English "very well.” Three percent of households in 2005 were “linguistically isolated” of which one third spoke Spanish and another third were Asian-language speakers.[95] A linguistically isolated household is one in which no member 14 years and over (1) speaks only English or (2) speaks a non-English language and speaks English "very well." In other words, all members of the household 14 years and over have at least some difficulty with English.
Figure 5‑3: Percent of Marion County Residents of Latino or Hispanic Origin, by Census Block Group, 2000
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 Census (DR0481/CIS92373)
Residence Patterns
In 2005, almost four-fifths (79%) of Marion County residents over one year of age lived in the same residence one year earlier, less than one quarter (15%) moved from another residence over the same time span, and one out of a hundred came from abroad.[96]
Compared to the surrounding counties, Marion County receives an influx of commuters. In 2005, Hamilton, Hendricks, Johnson, Hancock, and Boone Counties accounted for 21 percent of the Marion County work force[97], up from 19 percent in 2000.[98]
Population Density
Figure 5‑4 provides a detailed map of Marion County population density in 2000. Major population concentrations existed between major transportation corridors. These include neighborhoods near West 38th Street and I-465, East Washington and 10th Streets, between Meridian and Keystone south of Kessler and north of Fall Creek, and between Meridian and Keystone, south of the I-65 and I-70 junction and north of Raymond Street.
Figure 5‑4: Marion County 2000 Population per Square Mile, by Census Block
Persons Per Square Mile:
0
>0 -
1871
1872 -
3611
3612 -
5558
5559 -
8276
> 8276
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 Census (DR0480/CIS92148)
Socio-Economic Status
Employment
Health status is predicted by socio-economic status, and income in particular. Unemployment is also associated with a lack of health insurance, decreasing an individual’s ability to obtain appropriate and timely health care.
In the 2005 American Community Survey of the U.S. Census Bureau, 8.8 percent of Marion County respondents over 16 years of age reported that they were currently unemployed.[99] This included 7 percent of White respondents, 15 percent of Blacks, and 9 percent of Hispanics.
Table 5‑6: Estimates of Percent Unemployment Based on Self-reported Status, by Race, Marion County, American Community Survey, 2005
|
2005 |
Total |
White, Non-Hispanic |
Black, Non-Hispanic |
Hispanic |
|
Percent Unemployed Confidence Interval (CI) |
8.8% (8.1-9.5) |
6.5% (5.8-7.20) |
15.4% (13.5-16.5) |
8.9% (6.0-11.8) |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2005 American Community Survey (Ibid).
According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the unemployment rate for Marion County is comparable to rates seen in similarly sized counties and the nation (Table 5‑7). The unemployment rate[100] for Marion County was 5.6 percent in 2005 (for workers 18 years and older), up from 3.7 percent in 2000.[101] Unemployment rates have varied between 4.5 and 5.6 percent in Marion County from 2001 through 2005and are similar to unemployment rates in the state (5.0%, 2006) and nation (5.1%, 2005).[102]
Table 5‑7: Estimates of Percent Unemployment Based on Unemployment Insurance Claims:* Marion County, U.S. and Comparison Counties, 2002-2005
|
County |
Year |
|||
|
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
|
|
Marion County, IN (Indianapolis) |
5.3% |
5.5% |
5.5% |
5.6% |
|
Davidson County, TN (Nashville) |
4.5% |
4.8% |
4.6% |
4.6% |
|
Milwaukee County, WI (Milwaukee) |
6.6% |
7.1% |
6.4% |
5.9% |
|
U.S. |
5.8% |
6.0% |
5.5% |
5.1% |
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.[103]
* U.S.
Department of Labor county-level unemployment estimates depend
primarily on unemployment insurance claims, with adjustments for
new entrants and reentrants into the workforce which are based
mainly on Census data and the U.S. Census Bureau’s Current
Population Survey, with modeling based on local and historical
patterns. For details, see U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau
of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics Estimation
Methodology http://www.bls.gov/lau/laumthd.htm.
Income and Poverty Status
In 2005, the median annual household income in Marion County was $41,964.[104] Indiana and U.S. median household incomes were $43,735 and $44,389, respectively, in 2004.[105] Eighty-two percent of the households received earnings and wages, 23 percent received Social Security, and 15 percent received retirement income other than Social Security. Households may have received more than one of these sources of income. Median annual household income in 2005 for Blacks was $29,047, and $27,340 for Hispanics, compared to $47,992 for White households.[106] Black households in Marion County were twice as likely to earn under $15,000/year (27%), compared to White households (13%).[107]
Fifteen percent (15.2%) of Marion County individuals had incomes below 2005 100% federal poverty guidelines, compared to 12.2 percent statewide and 13.3 percent nationally.[108] One in five (21.5%) related children under 18 years of age and seven percent (7%) of persons 65 and older were in such households.[109]
The number of children under age 18 living below the 100% federal poverty guidelines in Marion County (21.1% of children under age 18) increased by 6 percentage points between 2000 and 2004[110], but is higher than percentages seen in Indiana (15.7%) and the nation (17.6%).[111] Compared to about 7.0 percent of Indiana public school students[112], more than half (51.4%) of Marion County public school students were eligible for free and reduced fee lunch during the 2003/2004 school year.[113]
In 2005 11.5 percent of all Marion County families met 100% of federal poverty guidelines (compared to 10% in the state, and 8.7% nationally)[114] and 28.7 percent of female-headed households had incomes below the poverty guidelines (Ibid.). Six percent of the households did not have telephone service and 9 percent of the households did not have access to a vehicle for private use.[115] Nearly one in four Hispanic and Black families in Marion County met 100 percent of poverty definitions in 2005.[116]
In early 2007, between 9,500 - 10,500 Marion County families each month were getting TANF benefits (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families), down from 12,200 in 2005, but more than the 6952 families in 2000.[117] In 2007, 51,000 families were receiving Food Stamps.[118] Approximately or 115,000 Marion County residents received Food Stamps in 2005(13.1 percent), compared to 8.8 percent for the state.[119]
|
|
Marion County |
Indiana |
U.S. |
|
% of Population on TANF |
|
2.2 |
|
|
% of Population on Food Stamps |
13.1 |
8.8 |
|
|
% School children on Free or Reduced Cost Lunch |
51.4 (2003-04) |
27.8 |
7.5 |
|
% Families with Single Parent |
|
28.7 |
|
|
% Children 0-17 in Poverty |
21.5 |
15.7 |
17.6 |
|
% of Population in Poverty |
15.2 |
12.2 |
13.3 |
Source: Marion County, Kids Count in Indiana 2006, page 140 http://www.iyi.org ; "INdiana FACT" A Comparative Review Of Selected Programs, Marion County, February 2007. FSSA Office of Data Management; Indiana Department of Education http://www.stats.indiana.edu/web/county/freelnch04.html ; American Community Survey 2005 Demographics, Marion County, Indiana, American FactFinder http://factfinder.census.gov
Stats Indiana http://www.stats.indiana.edu/uspr/a/us_profile_frame.html
Educational Achievement
Approximately one in three Marion County adults (37%) had at least a 4-year college degree. The prevalence varied by race, with 43 percent of Whites, 21 percent of Blacks, and 29 percent of other adults having college degrees. Approximately 10 percent of adults had a graduate or professional degree[120] (Figure 5‑5). Nearly half (44%) of all 25 to 44 year-olds had at least a 4-year college degree. Overall, 84 percent of Marion County adults over age 25 had at least graduated from high school. Among adolescents aged 16 -19, 10 percent had dropped out of or not graduated from high school, and were not enrolled in school. Among freshmen entering high schools in Marion County 53 percent will complete their high school degree within 4 years[121], a rate which has not changed since 2000.
Figure 5‑5: Percentage of the Marion County Population with a College Educationby Gender, Race, and Age, 2005
Source:
2005 Marion County Adult Obesity Needs Assessment Survey
(DR0502)
Self-Reported Health Status
An individual’s self-reported general health status is highly predictive of health care utilization, adverse health events, and even risk of death. During the 2005 MCHD Adult Obesity telephone survey of adults over 18 years, all respondents were asked to rate their general health status on a 5-point Likert scale from excellent to poor (Table 5‑9).
Almost half of Marion County residents felt that their health was at least very good or excellent (49 percent of the total). There were no significant differences between genders. However, almost 1 in 5 (19%) felt that their health was fair to poor. Whites reported better overall health status, with 52 percent reporting very good or excellent health, compared to only 42 percent of Blacks and 38 percent of other adults. In addition, 16 percent of Whites reported fair to poor health, compared to nearly one in four minority adults.
As might be expected, excellent or very good health status decreased with age. Only 39 percent of persons 65 and older, reported excellent or very good health, compared to nearly half (49%) of 18 to 24 year olds and 54 percent of 25 to 44 year olds.
Table 5‑9: General Health Status: Marion County Adults, by Gender, Race, and Age, 2005
|
Category |
Excellent |
Very Good |
Good |
Fair |
Poor |
|
Totala |
15% |
34% |
33% |
14% |
5% |
|
Males |
15% |
35% |
33% |
13% |
4% |
|
Females |
14% |
33% |
33% |
15% |
5% |
|
Whiteb |
16% |
36% |
32% |
12% |
4% |
|
Black |
11% |
31% |
34% |
18% |
6% |
|
Other Race |
15% |
23% |
39% |
18% |
5% |
|
18-24 yrs. old |
15% |
32% |
39% |
10% |
3% |
|
25-44 yrs. old |
17% |
37% |
32% |
11% |
3% |
|
45-64 yrs. old |
14% |
33% |
32% |
16% |
6% |
|
65+ yrs. old |
11% |
28% |
35% |
19% |
8% |
Source: 2005 Marion County Adult Obesity Needs Assessment Survey (DR0502)
a Totals estimated from the 2005 MCHD survey are not significantly different, given confidence intervals for each response category, from SMART_BRFSS data in Table 5.
b White and Black categories exclude Hispanic population. There were insufficient Hispanic respondents for a separate analysis of this group.
Self-reported health status responses from the BRFSS_SMART survey in Marion County were comparable to responses on the BRFSS surveys in Indiana and the U.S. in 2005 (Table 5‑10 and Figure 5‑6). There were no significant changes in self-reported health status among Marion County adults between 2000 and 2005 (Figure 5‑7).
Table 5‑10: Self-reported General Health Status: Marion County, Indiana and U.S. Adults, 2005
|
Health Status |
Marion County 2005 |
Indiana 2005 |
U.S. 2005b |
|
Excellent |
19 |
18.1 |
20.4 |
|
95% CIa |
(15.9-22.2) |
(16.9-19.3) |
|
|
Very Good |
32.3 |
32.4 |
33.9 |
|
|
(28.6-36.1) |
(30.9-33.9) |
|
|
Good |
31 |
32.8 |
30.2 |
|
|
(27.2-34.7) |
(31.3-34.3) |
|
|
Fair |
12.5 |
12.2 |
10.8 |
|
|
(9.7-15.2) |
(11.2-13.2) |
|
|
Poor |
4.8 |
4.5 |
4 |
|
|
(2.9-6.8) |
(3.9-5.1) |
|
a CI = confidence interval
bNo confidence intervals are available for the BRFSS national average across all states.
Source: 2005 Marion County BRFSS_SMART data; Indiana BRFSS Survey, Indiana State Department of Health; National BRFSS Survey, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Figure 5‑6: Marion County, Indiana, and U.S. 2005: Reported Health Status
Source: CDCP BRFSS data for Indiana and U.S.; BRFSS_SMART data for Marion County 2005
Figure 5‑7: Marion County Self-Reported Health Status, 2000 and 2005
Source: CDCP BRFSS -SMART data for Marion County 2005